In response to the problems of inadequate road infrastructure in rural areas, several development projects have focused on rural road provision, however, empirical studies linking road infrastructure to household nutrition, women empowerment and gender inequality are limited in Nigeria. This study therefore attempts to measure the impact of the rural road infrastructure component of the Value Chain Development Programme (VCDP) on household nutrition, women empowerment and gender equality. The VCDP was initiated by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) in partnership with the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) to address the constraints along the commodity value chains of rice and cassava.